Studio Pro adds metadata to each revision when you commit or create a branch. Part of that metadata is the Mendix version of the project and this is needed by cloud deployment.
Because you created the branch outside Studio Pro, this metadata is missing from your branch. That is probably why the cloud deployment fails.
You can fix it by making a tiny commit on your branch from Studio Pro, just changing a documentation field or something. Then Studio Pro will add the metadata and cloud deployment will hopefully succeed again.
There is no documentation about that. If there were any, I would expect it here: https://docs.mendix.com/refguide/using-version-control-in-studio-pro#9-working-outside-studio-pro
You can add some extra information about your findings to that page by editing it, saving it and creating a pull request.