This issue turns out to be a bug and unfortunately, it remains to work like this in the versions of Studio Pro 9.24.
However, this issue has been fixed in version 10.24.10 and 11.4.0 of Studio Pro, which was released on 30 October 2025 and 5 November 2025, respectively. The release notes mention this bug as follows:
What does this mean for example?
If you open the project in Studio Pro version 10.24.10 or 11.4.0 (or later) and start editing the XPath as given in description above, it is no longer allowed to check an enumeration attribute with the boolean values true and false. Then the following consistency error is shown:
What MxStudio version? Version 10, I presume. I tried this in a retrieve-activity and found this behavior:
The $currentObject/<anyAttributeOtherThanBoolean> = true seems to always return false
The $currentObject/<anyAttribute> = false seems to always return false
The $currentObject/<anyAttributeOfTypeBoolean> = true returns true if the boolean is true
The $currentObject/<anyAttributeOfTypeBoolean> = true() returns true if the boolean is true
The XPath editor seems to accept only as value 'true'. It only accepts 'true()' if the attribute is of type boolean.
So, apparently the editor has an oversight in the validation of the xpath-expression and it is ok with comparing any attribute against a boolean-value. This is probably a choice that Mendix made for backward compatibility.
For your code I expect this to result in: only the objects where both enumerations are empty. This because each Delete=true, Delete=false, Active=true, Active=false are false.